Detailed SSC-exam-focused overview of Maharashtra, covering static GK, general awareness, and current affairs.

1. Basic Facts (Static GK of Maharashtra)

  • Formation: 1 May 1960 (Maharashtra Day; carved from Bombay State).
  • Capital: Mumbai (financial capital of India); Nagpur (winter capital).
  • Governor: Ramesh Bais (2025).
  • Chief Minister: Eknath Shinde (BJP + Shiv Sena alliance, since 2022).
  • Official Language: Marathi.
  • Legislative Assembly: 288 seats.
  • High Court: Bombay High Court (Mumbai, benches at Nagpur, Aurangabad, Goa).
  • State Symbols:

  1. State Bird: Yellow-footed Green Pigeon (Hariyal).
  2. State Animal: Indian Giant Squirrel (Shekru).
  3. State Flower: Jarul (Lagerstroemia).
  4. State Tree: Mango.

2. Geography

  • Borders: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa, and Arabian Sea (west coast).
  • Coastline: ~720 km (Konkan Coast).
  • Major Rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Tapi, Bhima, Wardha.
  • Highest Peak: Kalsubai Peak (1,646 m, Sahyadri Range).
  • Major Cities: Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad, Kolhapur, Solapur.

3. History & Culture

  • Historic Dynasties: Satavahanas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas, Marathas.
  • Maratha Empire: Founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1674).
  • Famous Forts: Raigad, Sinhagad, Pratapgad, Shivneri.
  • UNESCO Sites: Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), Victorian Gothic & Art Deco buildings (Mumbai).
  • Folk Arts & Dances: Lavani, Tamasha, Powada.
  • Major Festivals: Ganesh Chaturthi, Gudi Padwa, Ellora-Ajanta Festivals.

4. Economy

  • India’s Financial Hub: Mumbai houses RBI, Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), SEBI, and major banks.
  • Agriculture: Sugarcane, cotton, grapes, soybeans.
  • Industries: IT (Pune), textiles, automobiles, Bollywood (film industry), ports.
  • Major Ports: Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva), Mumbai Port.
  • Speciality: Largest producer of sugar and grapes in India.

5. Current Affairs (2024–25, SSC Focus)

  1. Mumbai Coastal Road Project (2024): India’s longest coastal road project.
  2. Nagpur–Mumbai Samruddhi Mahamarg: 701 km expressway inaugurated.
  3. Eknath Shinde Government: Power-sharing with BJP, key political updates.
  4. Ajanta-Ellora Festival 2025: Promoting heritage tourism.
  5. Mumbai Metro & Navi Mumbai Airport: Ongoing infrastructure developments.
  6. Maharashtra ranked 1st in FDI inflow (2023–24).

6. National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries

  • Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve.
  • Sanjay Gandhi National Park (Mumbai).
  • Chandoli National Park.
  • Navegaon National Park.
  • Melghat Tiger Reserve, Pench Tiger Reserve.

7. Important Tourist Spots

  • Ajanta & Ellora Caves (Aurangabad).
  • Gateway of India (Mumbai).
  • Shirdi (Sai Baba temple).
  • Mahabaleshwar & Panchgani (hill stations).
  • Elephanta Caves, Lonar Lake (meteorite lake), Lonavala-Khandala.

8. SSC Exam-Oriented Questions (MCQs)

Q1. When was Maharashtra formed as a separate state?
A) 1956
B) 1958
C) 1960
D) 1962
Ans: C) 1960

Q2. Which is the highest peak in Maharashtra?
A) Salher
B) Kalsubai
C) Harishchandragad
D) Matheran
Ans: B) Kalsubai

Q3. Ajanta and Ellora caves are located in which district?
Ans: Aurangabad.

Q4. Who founded the Maratha Empire?
Ans: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

Q5. Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve is located in which state?
Ans: Maharashtra.

9. Key SSC Topics from Maharashtra

  • Formation day (1 May 1960 – Maharashtra Day).
  • CM Eknath Shinde & Governor Ramesh Bais.
  • Ajanta, Ellora & Elephanta Caves (UNESCO sites).
  • Kalsubai Peak & Sahyadri Range.
  • Ganesh Chaturthi & Lavani dance.
  • Financial hub (Mumbai – BSE, RBI).
  • Samruddhi Mahamarg & Coastal Road Project.

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