Detailed SSC-exam-focused overview of Gujarat, covering static GK, general awareness, and current affairs relevant for competitive exams like SSC CGL, CHSL, and others.

1. Basic Facts (Static GK of Gujarat)

  • Formation: 1 May 1960 (carved out of Bombay State).
  • Capital: Gandhinagar (administrative), Ahmedabad (largest city).
  • Governor: Acharya Devvrat (2025).
  • Chief Minister: Bhupendra Patel (BJP, since 2021).
  • Official Language: Gujarati (primary), Hindi, English.
  • Legislative Assembly: 182 seats.
  • High Court: Gujarat High Court, Ahmedabad.
  • State Symbols:

  1. State Bird: Greater Flamingo.
  2. State Animal: Asiatic Lion.
  3. State Flower: Marigold.
  4. State Tree: Banyan (Vad).

2. Geography

  • Borders: Rajasthan (north), Maharashtra (south), Madhya Pradesh (east), Arabian Sea (west), Pakistan (northwest).
  • Longest Coastline: Gujarat has the longest coastline in India (1,600 km).
  • Major Rivers: Narmada, Tapi, Sabarmati, Mahi.
  • Major Cities: Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar.
  • Islands: Diu, Daman, Bet Dwarka.
  • Rann of Kutch: Known for the White Desert & Rann Utsav.

3. History & Culture

  • Harappan Civilization: Sites like Lothal, Dholavira (UNESCO World Heritage Site), Surkotada.

  • Religious & Cultural Sites:

  1. Somnath Temple (first Jyotirlinga).
  2. Dwarkadhish Temple (Krishna’s kingdom).
  3. Palitana (Jain pilgrimage site).
  4. Sun Temple, Modhera.

  • Festivals: Navratri (Garba & Dandiya), Uttarayan (kite festival), Rann Utsav.
  • Dance: Garba, Dandiya Raas.

4. Economy

  • Industrial Hub: Major industries – textiles, diamond polishing (Surat), petrochemicals, shipbuilding, and salt production.
  • Ports: Kandla Port (Deendayal Port), Mundra Port (largest private port in India).
  • Agriculture: Cotton, groundnut, dates, sugarcane.
  • Gir National Park: Only home of Asiatic Lions in the world.

5. Current Affairs (2024–25, SSC Focus)

  1. Dholera Smart City Project – one of India’s largest smart cities under development.
  2. World’s Largest Solar Park (Bhadla + Dholera region) – renewable energy hub.
  3. Surat Diamond Bourse (2023): Largest office building in the world (bigger than Pentagon).
  4. Statue of Unity (Sardar Patel): Continues as a major tourist attraction.
  5. Gir Asiatic Lion population census (2025): Population has crossed ~700 lions.
  6. GIFT City (Gandhinagar): Emerging as a global financial hub.

6. National Parks & Wildlife

  • Gir National Park – Asiatic Lions.
  • Blackbuck National Park (Velavadar).
  • Marine National Park (Jamnagar).
  • Vansda National Park.
  • Wild Ass Sanctuary (Little Rann of Kutch).

7. Important Tourist Spots

  • Somnath Temple, Dwarka, Gir, Rann of Kutch, Saputara Hill Station.
  • UNESCO Sites: Rani ki Vav (Patan), Dholavira.

8. SSC Exam-Oriented Questions (MCQs)

Q1. When was Gujarat formed as a separate state?
A) 1958
B) 1960
C) 1962
D) 1965
Ans: B) 1960

Q2. Which is the capital of Gujarat?
A) Ahmedabad
B) Gandhinagar
C) Rajkot
D) Surat
Ans: B) Gandhinagar

Q3. Where is the Gir National Park located?
Ans: Gujarat (home of Asiatic Lions).

Q4. Rani ki Vav, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in which district?
Ans: Patan, Gujarat.

Q5. Which city is known as the "Diamond City of India"?
Ans: Surat.

9. Key SSC Topics from Gujarat

  • Formation date (1 May 1960).
  • Gir Lions, Somnath & Dwarka temples.
  • Rann of Kutch & Rani ki Vav.
  • Ports (Kandla, Mundra).
  • Industries: Diamond, textile, petrochemicals.
  • Current projects: GIFT City, Surat Diamond Bourse, Dholera Smart City.

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