1. Which gas is primarily responsible for global warming?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon Dioxide ✅
D) Hydrogen
📘 Carbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to the greenhouse effect.
2. What is the main cause of ozone layer depletion?
A) Carbon Monoxide
B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) ✅
C) Methane
D) Sulphur Dioxide
📘 CFCs released from refrigerators and sprays break down ozone molecules.
3. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
A) Wind
B) Solar
C) Coal ✅
D) Water
📘 Coal takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly.
4. The term “biodiversity” refers to:
A) Pollution
B) Variety of life forms ✅
C) Agricultural practices
D) Food chain
📘 Biodiversity means the range of different species in a region.
5. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrous Oxide ✅
D) Neon
📘 Nitrous oxide is one of the potent greenhouse gases.
6. What is the full form of UNEP?
A) United Nations Education Program
B) United Nations Environmental Protection
C) United Nations Environment Programme ✅
D) United Nations Energy Program
📘 UNEP coordinates environmental activities at a global level.
7. Which of these is a biodegradable pollutant?
A) Plastic
B) DDT
C) Sewage ✅
D) Mercury
📘 Sewage can be broken down by natural organisms over time.
8. Which country hosted the first Earth Summit in 1992?
A) USA
B) Brazil ✅
C) India
D) Germany
📘 The Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
9. Which of the following is not a consequence of deforestation?
A) Soil erosion
B) Floods
C) Increased rainfall ✅
D) Loss of biodiversity
📘 Deforestation reduces rainfall instead of increasing it.
10. Which gas is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon Monoxide
C) Carbon Dioxide ✅
D) Nitrogen
📘 Plants absorb CO₂ and convert it into oxygen via photosynthesis.
11. Which is the most eco-friendly means of transport?
A) Airplane
B) Diesel Train
C) Bicycle ✅
D) Car
📘 Bicycles produce zero emissions and conserve energy.
12. The term “Chipko Movement” is related to:
A) Mining
B) Forest Conservation ✅
C) Water Harvesting
D) Animal Rights
📘 Started in Uttarakhand, villagers hugged trees to stop deforestation.
13. What is the effect of acid rain on aquatic life?
A) Increases fish population
B) Balances pH
C) Reduces pH and kills aquatic organisms ✅
D) No effect
📘 Acid rain lowers the pH of water bodies, making it toxic for aquatic life.
14. What is the largest source of energy in the ecosystem?
A) Moon
B) Soil
C) Sun ✅
D) Plants
📘 The sun is the primary source of energy for all life on Earth.
15. Which of the following is not a conventional source of energy?
A) Wind ✅
B) Coal
C) Wood
D) Petroleum
📘 Wind is a renewable (non-conventional) source of energy.
16. Which river is most polluted in India?
A) Brahmaputra
B) Ganga ✅
C) Godavari
D) Yamuna
📘 Due to domestic, industrial, and religious waste, the Ganga is highly polluted.
17. Which type of pollution causes the greenhouse effect?
A) Water
B) Soil
C) Air ✅
D) Thermal
📘 Greenhouse gases in the air trap heat, causing global warming.
18. Which is an example of an endangered species in India?
A) Cow
B) Tiger ✅
C) Hen
D) Goat
📘 Project Tiger was launched to protect the dwindling tiger population.
19. Which pollutant causes Minamata disease?
A) Lead
B) Mercury ✅
C) Arsenic
D) Cadmium
📘 Mercury poisoning in Japan caused neurological disorders, called Minamata disease.
20. Vermicomposting is done using:
A) Ants
B) Termites
C) Earthworms ✅
D) Cockroaches
📘 Earthworms help decompose organic matter into nutrient-rich compost.
21. The Kyoto Protocol is related to:
A) Human rights
B) Terrorism
C) Climate change ✅
D) World peace
📘 It is an international treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
22. What is the major component of biogas?
A) Carbon Dioxide
B) Methane ✅
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
📘 Biogas contains 55–60% methane, a flammable gas.
23. Which city is called the “Electronic Waste Capital” of India?
A) Mumbai
B) Delhi
C) Bangalore
D) Moradabad ✅
📘 Moradabad is known for its large informal e-waste recycling sector.
24. Which of the following is a primary air pollutant?
A) Smog
B) Carbon monoxide ✅
C) Ozone
D) PAN (Peroxyacetyl Nitrate)
📘 Primary pollutants are emitted directly; CO is one such example.
25. What is the cause of eutrophication in lakes?
A) Oil spills
B) Excess nutrients from fertilizers ✅
C) Plastics
D) Sewage sludge
📘 Eutrophication leads to algal bloom and depletion of oxygen in lakes.
✅ Shall I continue with Q26–100 now?
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Perfect! Here's the continuation — Q26 to Q100 of the 100 Most Repeated SSC General Awareness (Environment) MCQs with ✅ correct answers and 📘 brief explanations.
🌍 Environment – Questions 26 to 100
26. Which is the major cause of smog in cities?
A) Sulphur dioxide
B) Nitrogen dioxide
C) Vehicle emissions ✅
D) Carbon monoxide
📘 Smog results from pollutants like nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons from vehicles.
27. Which device is used to control air pollution from factories?
A) Condenser
B) Electrostatic Precipitator ✅
C) Solar panel
D) Vacuum pump
📘 It removes fine particles like dust and smoke from exhaust gases.
28. Which of these is a water-borne disease?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Cholera ✅
C) Influenza
D) Measles
📘 Cholera spreads through contaminated drinking water.
29. Which gas is responsible for acid rain?
A) Ozone
B) Nitrogen
C) Sulphur Dioxide ✅
D) Hydrogen
📘 SO₂ and NO₂ combine with water vapor to form acids.
30. Which energy is harnessed from Earth's internal heat?
A) Tidal
B) Geothermal ✅
C) Biomass
D) Wind
📘 Geothermal energy comes from hot springs or Earth’s core.
31. Which organization publishes the ‘Red Data Book’?
A) WWF
B) UNEP
C) IUCN ✅
D) WHO
📘 The IUCN Red Data Book lists endangered and threatened species.
32. What is the main function of the ozone layer?
A) Provides oxygen
B) Prevents acid rain
C) Absorbs UV radiation ✅
D) Reduces noise
📘 Ozone protects life on Earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays.
33. Which natural resource is conserved by afforestation?
A) Soil ✅
B) Oil
C) Iron
D) Gold
📘 Trees bind the soil and prevent erosion.
34. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are known as:
A) Fossil gases
B) Greenhouse gases ✅
C) Aerosols
D) Humidifiers
📘 These gases maintain Earth's temperature balance.
35. Which human activity causes desertification?
A) Tree planting
B) Overgrazing ✅
C) Rainwater harvesting
D) Organic farming
📘 Overgrazing removes vegetation, leading to land degradation.
36. What is the main cause of man-made pollution?
A) Industrialization ✅
B) Photosynthesis
C) Tectonic movement
D) Migration
📘 Industries emit harmful gases, effluents, and chemicals into air and water.
37. Which pollutant affects the nervous system?
A) Mercury ✅
B) Nitrogen
C) Sulphur
D) Oxygen
📘 Mercury poisoning causes neurological and behavioral disorders.
38. Which of these contributes to noise pollution?
A) Plantations
B) Libraries
C) Jet planes ✅
D) Swimming
📘 Jet engines, traffic, and machinery are major noise polluters.
39. National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in:
A) 2015
B) 2010 ✅
C) 2005
D) 2000
📘 NGT was set up for effective and speedy environmental justice.
40. 'Project Tiger' was launched in:
A) 1980
B) 1973 ✅
C) 1991
D) 1965
📘 It was initiated to protect the endangered tiger population.
41. The Ganga Action Plan was launched in:
A) 1980
B) 1985 ✅
C) 1990
D) 2000
📘 It aimed at cleaning and conserving the river Ganga.
42. Which is a non-conventional source of energy?
A) Coal
B) Petroleum
C) Solar ✅
D) Natural gas
📘 Solar energy is renewable and eco-friendly.
43. What does BOD stand for in water analysis?
A) Basic Oxygen Demand
B) Biological Oxygen Demand ✅
C) Biodegradable Oxygen Device
D) Boiling Oxygen Device
📘 BOD indicates the organic pollution level in water.
44. Which state has the highest forest cover in India?
A) Madhya Pradesh ✅
B) Kerala
C) Gujarat
D) Rajasthan
📘 Madhya Pradesh leads in forest area by coverage.
45. Which pollutant is the most dangerous in the long term?
A) Suspended particles
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Radioactive substances ✅
D) Nitrogen
📘 Radioactive pollutants can persist for decades, harming life.
46. Which of these is a renewable resource?
A) Oil
B) Coal
C) Sunlight ✅
D) Copper
📘 Sunlight is naturally replenished and sustainable.
47. Which is not a greenhouse gas?
A) Methane
B) Carbon Dioxide
C) Oxygen ✅
D) Nitrous Oxide
📘 Oxygen doesn’t trap heat and isn’t a greenhouse gas.
48. Which part of India is most affected by deforestation?
A) Coastal
B) Plains
C) North-East ✅
D) Desert
📘 Shifting cultivation and logging have impacted North-East forests.
49. Which type of waste is recycled most easily?
A) Glass ✅
B) Leather
C) Styrofoam
D) Rubber
📘 Glass can be endlessly recycled without quality loss.
50. Which ecosystem has the highest biodiversity?
A) Desert
B) Ocean
C) Tropical Rainforest ✅
D) Grassland
📘 Rainforests are home to over 50% of the world’s species.
51. Which gas causes asphyxiation in closed spaces?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon Monoxide ✅
D) Methane
📘 CO binds with hemoglobin, reducing oxygen supply to the body.
52. Which energy is produced using cow dung?
A) LPG
B) Biogas ✅
C) Wind energy
D) Thermal
📘 Cow dung fermentation in anaerobic conditions produces biogas.
53. Which is the main reason for global warming?
A) Deforestation ✅
B) Cloud formation
C) Rainfall
D) Earthquakes
📘 Cutting trees reduces CO₂ absorption, increasing warming.
54. Which gas is used in fire extinguishers and prevents combustion?
A) Hydrogen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon Dioxide ✅
D) Oxygen
📘 CO₂ displaces oxygen and suppresses flames.
55. Which forest type is found in heavy rainfall areas?
A) Thorn forest
B) Desert forest
C) Tropical Evergreen ✅
D) Alpine
📘 These dense forests are green all year and support rich biodiversity.
(Continuing next 56–100 in next message...)
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Continuing with the remaining set of the 100 Most Repeated SSC General Awareness (Environment) MCQs:
🌿 Environment – Questions 56 to 100
56. Which chemical is responsible for ozone layer depletion?
A) Methane
B) CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) ✅
C) CO₂
D) SO₂
📘 CFCs react with ozone and destroy it, creating the ozone hole.
57. The primary cause of climate change is:
A) Soil erosion
B) Volcanic activity
C) Greenhouse gases ✅
D) Ocean currents
📘 Excess greenhouse gases trap heat and warm the planet.
58. Which of the following is a biodegradable item?
A) Plastic
B) Aluminium foil
C) Banana peel ✅
D) Glass bottle
📘 Banana peels decompose naturally by microbes.
59. Which protocol is related to ozone protection?
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Montreal Protocol ✅
C) Paris Agreement
D) Stockholm Convention
📘 Montreal Protocol (1987) aims to phase out ozone-depleting substances.
60. Which of the following is a major source of water pollution?
A) Thermal power plants ✅
B) Forests
C) Windmills
D) Mining
📘 Industrial discharge from thermal plants pollutes water bodies.
61. Which river is considered the most polluted in India?
A) Ganga ✅
B) Yamuna
C) Godavari
D) Narmada
📘 Due to industrial waste and sewage, Ganga is highly polluted.
62. The term "Ecology" was first coined by:
A) Charles Darwin
B) Ernst Haeckel ✅
C) Carl Linnaeus
D) Aristotle
📘 Haeckel introduced "ecology" to study organism–environment relationships.
63. Which instrument measures air pollution?
A) Thermometer
B) Anemometer
C) Spectrophotometer ✅
D) Seismograph
📘 Spectrophotometers measure pollutant concentration in air samples.
64. Which of the following is not a fossil fuel?
A) Coal
B) Natural Gas
C) Petroleum
D) Uranium ✅
📘 Uranium is used in nuclear power, not a carbon-based fossil fuel.
65. Which disease is caused by nitrate contamination in water?
A) Blue baby syndrome ✅
B) Typhoid
C) Malaria
D) Jaundice
📘 High nitrate levels reduce oxygen in infants' blood.
66. Noise above what level is considered hazardous?
A) 30 dB
B) 60 dB
C) 85 dB ✅
D) 100 dB
📘 Continuous exposure above 85 dB can lead to hearing damage.
67. Which of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?
A) Plants
B) Animals
C) Bacteria
D) Temperature ✅
📘 Abiotic factors are non-living parts like temperature, water, light.
68. Which Act governs environmental protection in India?
A) Wildlife Act, 1972
B) Environment Protection Act, 1986 ✅
C) Air Act, 1981
D) Forest Act, 1927
📘 The 1986 Act provides a framework for protecting the environment.
69. Which area is known as the ‘lungs of the planet’?
A) Himalayas
B) Sahara Desert
C) Amazon Rainforest ✅
D) Alps
📘 Amazon absorbs a large amount of CO₂ and produces oxygen.
70. Which Indian city is considered the most air-polluted?
A) Mumbai
B) Kolkata
C) Kanpur
D) Delhi ✅
📘 Delhi frequently tops air pollution charts due to traffic and stubble burning.
71. Which practice is best for solid waste management?
A) Open dumping
B) Incineration
C) Recycling ✅
D) Littering
📘 Recycling reduces landfill waste and conserves resources.
72. Which energy source produces no greenhouse gases?
A) Coal
B) Nuclear ✅
C) Diesel
D) Natural gas
📘 Nuclear fission doesn’t emit CO₂ but has radiation risks.
73. What is the full form of UNEP?
A) United Nations Environmental Programme ✅
B) Universal Nature Emergency Plan
C) United Nations Energy Panel
D) United Nature & Ecology Project
📘 UNEP coordinates global environmental efforts.
74. Which zone of a lake has the most sunlight?
A) Benthic
B) Limnetic
C) Littoral ✅
D) Profundal
📘 Littoral zone is near the shore and receives maximum light.
75. Biomagnification refers to:
A) Reproduction of species
B) Increase in size of organisms
C) Increase of toxic substances in food chain ✅
D) Decline in biodiversity
📘 Toxins like mercury accumulate up the food chain.
76. Which gas is the major component of smog?
A) Nitrogen
B) Carbon Dioxide
C) Ozone ✅
D) Oxygen
📘 In urban smog, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant.
77. Which sector consumes the most water in India?
A) Domestic
B) Industrial
C) Agriculture ✅
D) Tourism
📘 Over 80% of India’s water usage is in agriculture.
78. Which tree is most effective in air purification?
A) Banyan
B) Neem ✅
C) Coconut
D) Pine
📘 Neem absorbs pollutants and releases more oxygen.
79. The Taj Mahal is affected by:
A) Dust
B) Acid rain ✅
C) Earthquakes
D) Human touch
📘 SO₂ emissions from nearby industries cause yellowing of marble.
80. Vermicomposting uses:
A) Bacteria
B) Worms ✅
C) Fungus
D) Termites
📘 Earthworms convert organic waste into rich compost.
81. Which is the cleanest fuel for vehicles?
A) Diesel
B) Petrol
C) CNG ✅
D) Kerosene
📘 Compressed Natural Gas emits fewer pollutants.
82. Chipko Movement was related to:
A) Animal protection
B) Tree conservation ✅
C) River cleaning
D) Tribal rights
📘 People hugged trees to prevent deforestation in Uttarakhand.
83. The Greenhouse Effect is due to:
A) Global warming
B) UV radiation
C) Heat-trapping gases ✅
D) Air pressure
📘 GHGs trap infrared radiation from Earth, warming the atmosphere.
84. The term ‘Silent Valley’ is related to:
A) Rajasthan
B) Kerala ✅
C) Gujarat
D) Odisha
📘 Silent Valley in Kerala is a rich, untouched rainforest ecosystem.
85. The Earth Summit (Rio) was held in:
A) 1991
B) 1992 ✅
C) 1993
D) 1994
📘 Held in Rio de Janeiro to discuss sustainable development.
86. Which country emits the most CO₂ globally?
A) India
B) Russia
C) China ✅
D) USA
📘 China is the top emitter due to its industrial base and population.
87. What is the most effective method of water conservation?
A) Drip irrigation ✅
B) Flood irrigation
C) Overhead sprinkler
D) Hand watering
📘 Drip delivers water directly to roots, reducing wastage.
88. A pollutant that causes Minamata disease is:
A) Lead
B) Mercury ✅
C) Arsenic
D) Cadmium
📘 Mercury contamination in seafood caused this neurological disease in Japan.
89. World Environment Day is observed on:
A) April 5
B) June 5 ✅
C) March 22
D) December 10
📘 Established by the UN to raise environmental awareness.
90. Which of the following is the largest carbon sink?
A) Oceans ✅
B) Mountains
C) Forests
D) Lakes
📘 Oceans absorb about 25% of emitted CO₂ annually.
91. Which of these is not a renewable energy source?
A) Wind
B) Solar
C) Coal ✅
D) Biomass
📘 Coal is finite and non-renewable.
92. Which type of pollution causes eutrophication in lakes?
A) Air
B) Water ✅
C) Noise
D) Thermal
📘 Nutrients like phosphates increase algae, depleting oxygen in lakes.
93. Which of the following affects ozone layer the most?
A) Lead
B) CFCs ✅
C) Iron
D) Argon
📘 CFCs break ozone molecules, thinning the protective layer.
94. Which species is at the top of the food chain?
A) Herbivores
B) Plants
C) Humans ✅
D) Insects
📘 Humans are apex consumers in most ecosystems.
95. Major source of marine pollution is:
A) Oil spills ✅
B) Inland farming
C) Water sports
D) Hurricanes
📘 Oil spills harm marine life and ecosystems.
96. Which sector generates the most solid waste in cities?
A) Hospitals
B) Restaurants
C) Households ✅
D) Schools
📘 Urban households contribute significantly to solid waste.
97. Which radiation is most harmful to humans?
A) Infrared
B) Ultraviolet
C) Gamma rays ✅
D) Microwave
📘 Gamma rays are highly energetic and can penetrate tissues.
98. Bioaccumulation means:
A) Decrease of toxins
B) Energy loss
C) Toxin build-up in tissues ✅
D) Reproduction
📘 Toxins accumulate in organisms faster than they are eliminated.
99. Which water pollutant affects bone development?
A) Fluoride ✅
B) Chlorine
C) Lead
D) Iodine
📘 Excess fluoride causes dental and skeletal fluorosis.
100. Which layer of atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A) Troposphere
B) Mesosphere
C) Stratosphere ✅
D) Exosphere
📘 The ozone layer is in the lower stratosphere, around 10–50 km above Earth.
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